Achalasia – Definition – Description
Definition
Achalasia is a disorder of the esophagus that prevents normal swallowing.
Description
Achalasia affects the esophagus, the tube that carries swallowed food from the back of the throat down into the stomach. A ring of muscle called the lower esophageal sphincter encircles the esophagus just above the entrance to the stomach. This sphincter muscle is normally contracted to close the esophagus. When the sphincter is closed, the contents of the stomach cannot flow back into the esophagus. Backward flow of stomach contents (reflux) can irritate and inflame the esophagus, causing symptoms such as heartburn. The act of swallowing causes a wave of esophageal contraction called peristalsis. Peristalsis pushes food along the esophagus. Normally, peristalsis causes the esophageal sphincter to relax and allow food into the stomach. In achalasia, which means ‘‘failure to relax,’’ the esophageal sphincter remains contracted. Normal peristalsis is interrupted and food cannot enter the stomach.
- What is achalasia?
- How does the normal esophagus function?
- How is esophageal function abnormal in achalasia?
- What causes achalasia?
- What are the symptoms of achalasia?
- What are the complications of achalasia?
- How is achalasia diagnosed?
- How is achalasia treated?
- Achalasia At A Glance
- Patient Discussions: Achalasia – Describe Your Experience
